上外考研英語(yǔ)MTI專業(yè)翻譯碩士英語(yǔ)這科一般會(huì)考察三種題型：簡(jiǎn)答題、summary、作文。下面我們來講一下summary題應(yīng)該怎么做，相信對(duì)備考中的小伙伴們會(huì)有所幫助哦：
01寫總結(jié)的順序建議
22年的summary規(guī)定了300字以內(nèi)，那年雖然文章也不長(zhǎng)，但總結(jié)起來還是要?jiǎng)h掉一些文章的點(diǎn)的。
推薦寫總結(jié)的順序：
1.通讀文章，并通過內(nèi)容將其分段。不是文章有幾個(gè)自然段就是幾段，而是把將同一個(gè)內(nèi)容的部分分成一段，根據(jù)summary限定的字?jǐn)?shù)來大概估計(jì)該將文章分幾段，同時(shí)你寫出來的summary大概也就有幾段。
2.在草稿紙上按文章的順序記下你要寫的要點(diǎn)，邏輯一定要清晰，一個(gè)要點(diǎn)是你分的一段，里面的分內(nèi)容是一段里的內(nèi)容，在summary中也寫成一段。
3.對(duì)著要點(diǎn)寫summary，不一定要用三段式和總分總的形式。如果文章本身是總分總且你寫完要點(diǎn)后還沒接近限定的字?jǐn)?shù)(一般不會(huì)出現(xiàn)這種情況，除非你把文章分得太粗略，要點(diǎn)太少)，則可像文章一樣寫一個(gè)總結(jié)，否則就按照有幾個(gè)要點(diǎn)就寫幾段的格式寫就好。
02練習(xí)方法建議
1.一周寫兩篇2000字以上外刊文章的summary，字?jǐn)?shù)500~600字。因?yàn)楸救烁杏X做粗略總結(jié)比做細(xì)致總結(jié)容易，所以平常練習(xí)還是寫500~600字比較保險(xiǎn)。
2.不寫長(zhǎng)文章總結(jié)的日子用短文章練習(xí)分段和抓要點(diǎn)能力。推薦公眾號(hào)“經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人考研英語(yǔ)”，【Economist】板塊每天會(huì)有約600字的短文，自己閱讀完后寫出框架并寫個(gè)簡(jiǎn)短的summary，再對(duì)比公眾號(hào)給出的框架進(jìn)行思考，有時(shí)公眾號(hào)框架更清晰，有時(shí)自己的框架更合理，這個(gè)要自己體會(huì)啦。
例：Two-wheeled activists are getting louder in their demand for safer streets
【Para.1】As protests go, few are as good-natured as those led by Bike Grid Now, a Chicago-based group of cyclists. On one held early in the morning of October 26th, three dozen or so cyclists gathered outside the Loop, Chicago’s downtown, before cycling together to Daley Plaza, next to City Hall. Riding various sorts of bicycles—from the basic bikes of the city’s “Divvy” hire scheme to electric ones with child seats—they cycled around the block, spreading across all three lanes, before pausing outside the entrance to block car traffic. After a police officer, who was also on a bicycle, politely told them that they had five minutes before he would have to arrest them, they rang their bells and chanted demands for bike lanes. A few minutes later the group, made up largely of 30-something white professionals, dispersed to their jobs in the nearby offices.
【Para.2】Such protests now happen in Chicago almost weekly. The Windy City has at least half a dozen groups demanding more safety for cyclists. In September, on “World Car Free Day”, several hundred cyclists staged a “die in”, blocking an eight-lane highway that runs alongside Lake Michigan. An even larger group has cycled around the Jane Byrne interchange, a highway junction that is normally among America’s most congested roads (and off-limits to cyclists). Similar protests have been held in cities including Oakland in California, Portland in Oregon and Miami, Florida.
【Para.3】Bike activism is hardly new. The freeway trespass was organised by Critical Mass, a movement that emerged in San Francisco 30 years ago. Yet the pace has accelerated, largely thanks to trends unleashed by covid-19. Though official data suggest fewer people are cycling to work (and only around 0.5% of Americans do so) than before the pandemic, reversing what had been a long, slow rise, that is probably because more are working from home. In reality, more cyclists are probably on America’s roads than ever. Bicycle sales have soared—electric bikes outsold electric cars last year—and municipal cycle-hire schemes in New York, Chicago and elsewhere recorded more users than ever this past summer.
【Para.4】As more people are getting on bikes, they are also realising how unsafe many American streets are. Though bike lanes are proliferating in many cities, they are still rarely protected or enforced. The rise in protest is “because of tragedies”, says Courtney Cobbs, an activist in Chicago. In June Elizabeth Grace Shambrook, a three-year-old girl, was killed when her mother was knocked off her bike by a lorry driver who ignored her as she tried to get round a van parked illegally in a bike lane.
【Para.5】In 2020, 1,260 people nationwide were killed in crashes on bikes, a 44% increase on a decade before, according to the National Safety Council, a non-profit group. Some of that increase may be because more bikes are on the roads, but it also seems likely that people are driving more dangerously, too. Last year almost 43,000 people were killed in car crashes of all sorts, the highest figure since 2005.
【Para.6】Christina Whitehouse, who set up a website, Bike Lane Uprising, to report people who park in Chicago’s bike lanes, says the site has been inundated with such reports. But she thinks cyclists are making at least a little headway in forcing change. The city has, for example, put concrete barriers in some bike lanes to stop drivers from entering them. Ms Whitehouse says officials did this in response to protests. “There are so many bikers who are becoming single-issue voters,” she says. They may be starting a virtuous cycle.
我自己的框架舉例：
Summary： The Protests by Bikers
There was a protest held by cyclists in October 26th in Chicago downtown whose purpose was to claim for safe bicycle lanes. This isn’t a new thing as you can see such protests not only in Chicago but also in California and Oregon and so on.
Although according to official data there are fewer people riding to work as a result of working from home, the reality is that more cyclists are on the roads then ever before.
Cyclists ar